What you will know after this guide

  • The base is the project
  • Gravel: choose by layer
  • Water and winter

The base is the project

An expensive surface over weak, poorly drained or under-compacted soil will crack or rut. Excavation, geotextile, lifts and compaction are central.

Gravel: choose by layer

Coarse crushed stone stabilizes weak areas; 0–19 or 0–25 mm aggregate compacts as base; a finer course trims the surface. Rounded stone alone locks poorly.

Water and winter

Plan crossfall, outlets, street transition, frost heave and snow-removal method before selecting the finish.